Uji Eksperimental Pengaruh Dimensi Lebar Rectifier Guide Vanes terhadap Kinerja Turbin Hidrokinetik Savonius

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ABSTRAK

Karakteristik blade sisi cekung turbin hidrokinetik Savonius yang memiliki nilai torsi negatif mengakibatkan kelemahan berupa efisiensi turbin yang relatif rendah, sehingga diperlukan sistem pengarah aliran berupa rectifier guide vane. Studi ini bertujuan membandingkan performa yang dihasilkan turbin Savonius tanpa guide vanes dan turbin Savonius menggunakan guide vanes dengan memvariasikan lebar rectifier L=Rt/4, L=Rt/2 dan L=3Rt/4, dimana Rt adalah jari-jari turbin. Metode pengujian dilakukan secara eksperimental di saluran prismatik dengan kecepatan aliran 0,111–0,1415 m/s. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa penambahan guide vanes dengan variasi lebar rectifier L=Rt/4, L=Rt/2 dan L=3Rt/4 masing-masing menghasilkan peningkatan torsi sebesar 29,9%; 33,3%; dan 36,3%. Turbin Savonius menggunakan guide vanes dengan lebar rectifier L=3Rt/4 menghasilkan coefficient of torque (C_t) dan coefficient of power (C_p) yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan variasi lebar rectifier (L) lainnya, sehingga kinerja turbin meningkat.

Kata kunci: coefficient of power, hidrokinetik, savonius, rectifier guide vanes

 

ABSTRACT

The characteristic of the concave side blade of the Savonius hydrokinetic turbine which has a negative torque value, it leads to the weakness in the form of a relatively low turbine efficiency, thus a flow steering system is needed in the form of a rectifier guide vane. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of the Savonius turbine without guide vanes and the Savonius turbine using guide vanes by varying the width of the rectifier L=Rt/4, L=Rt/2 dan L=3Rt/4, where Rt is the turbine radius. The test method was undertaken experimentally in a prismatic channel with a flow velocity of 0.111–0.1415 m/s. The results of the study pointed out that the addition of guide vanes with variations in the width of the rectifier was L=Rt/4, L=Rt/2 dan L=3Rt/4 and each of them had an increase in torque of 29.9%, 33.3% and 36.3%. The Savonius turbine used guide vanes with a rectifier width of L=3Rt/4 and it resulted a higher coefficient of torque (C_t) and coefficient of power (C_p) compared to other variations of rectifier width (L), thus, the performance of turbine increased.

Keywords: coefficient of power, hydrokinetic, savonius, rectifier guide vanes