Evaluasi Kelayakan Struktur Gedung SDN Cipageran Mandiri 1 Kota Cimahi Jawa Barat

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ABSTRAK

SDN Cipageran Mandiri 1 Kota Cimahi memiliki gedung bertingkat yang menimbulkan kekhawatiran terkait keselamatan dan kenyamanan pengguna akibat kerusakan struktural maupun arsitektural. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kelayakan struktur gedung C melalui inspeksi visual, pengujian non-destruktif (NDT), serta analisis struktur menggunakan perangkat lunak berbasis metode elemen hingga. Metode penelitian dilakukan secara kuantitatif melalui tahapan studi literatur, pengumpulan data sekunder, pemeriksaan visual, pengujian NDT (Rebound Hammer Test, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity, Brinell Hardness Test, Liquid Penetrant Test, dan uji vertikalitas), hingga pemodelan struktur 3D. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan variasi mutu beton yang signifikan (29,1–407,4 kg/cm²) serta mutu baja yang tidak seragam (693,3–1432,6 MPa). Selain itu, ditemukan cacat pada sambungan las, korosi pada elemen baja, serta penyimpangan vertikal pada beberapa kolom. Analisis permodelan memperlihatkan stress ratio >1 pada sejumlah elemen balok dan kolom serta deformasi yang melebihi batas standar L/240, sehingga struktur dinyatakan tidak memenuhi persyaratan SNI 1729:2020. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa gedung C SDN Cipageran Mandiri 1 memerlukan perbaikan struktural secara menyeluruh untuk menjamin keselamatan, kenyamanan, serta keberlangsungan fungsi bangunan sebagai sarana pendidikan.

Kata kunci: evaluasi struktur, gedung sekolah, kelayakan bangunan, keselamatan konstruksi, NDT

ABSTRACT

SDN Cipageran Mandiri 1 in Cimahi City has a multi-story building that raises concerns regarding the safety and comfort of its users due to both structural and architectural damage. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of Building C through visual inspection, non-destructive testing (NDT), and structural analysis using finite element software. The research was conducted quantitatively through several stages, including literature review, secondary data collection, visual inspection, NDT (Rebound Hammer Test, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity, Brinell Hardness Test, Liquid Penetrant Test, and verticality test), and 3D structural modeling. The results indicate significant variations in concrete strength (29.1–407.4 kg/cm²) and non-uniform steel quality (693.3–1432.6 MPa). In addition, defects were found in the welding joints, corrosion in steel elements, and deviations in verticality in several columns. Structural modeling analysis revealed stress ratios greater than 1 in several beam and column elements, as well as deformations exceeding the L/240 limit, indicating that the structure does not comply with the requirements of SNI 1729:2020. This study concludes that Building C of SDN Cipageran Mandiri 1 requires comprehensive structural rehabilitation to ensure safety, comfort, and the continued functionality of the facility as an educational facility.

Keywords: structural evaluation, school building, building feasibility, construction safety, NDT