Pemanfaatan Limbah Serbuk Kaca dan Keramik Sanitary pada Pasta Geopolymer Berbahan Dasar Fly Ash

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ABSTRAK

Peningkatan kebutuhan beton berdampak pada kenaikan emisi CO₂ akibat produksi semen, sehingga diperlukan material pengikat alternatif yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini mengkaji pemanfaatan limbah serbuk kaca dan keramik saniter sebagai substitusi fly ash pada pasta geopolimer berbasis aktivator alkali. Metode penelitian menggunakan benda uji kubus 5×5×5 cm dengan variasi substitusi fly ash 0%, 25%, 50%, dan 75%. Aktivator alkali yang digunakan adalah larutan NaOH 10M dan Na₂SiO₃ dengan rasio 1:3. Pengujian kuat tekan dilakukan pada umur 28 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa substitusi serbuk kaca menurunkan kuat tekan hingga 50% dibanding kontrol (100% fly ash), sedangkan substitusi keramik saniter 50% menghasilkan kuat tekan 35,77 MPa, mendekati kuat tekan kontrol 40,82 MPa. Dengan demikian, keramik saniter dengan kadar substitusi 50% direkomendasikan sebagai pengganti fly ash yang paling optimal.

Kata kunci: geopolimer, fly ash, serbuk kaca, keramik saniter, kuat tekan

ABSTRACT

The increase in demand for concrete has led to an increase in CO₂ emissions from cement production, necessitating the use of environmentally friendly alternative binding materials. This study examines the use of glass powder and sanitary ceramic waste as substitutes for fly ash in alkali-activated geopolymer paste. The research method used 5×5×5 cm cube test specimens with variations in fly ash substitution of 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75%. The alkali activators used were 10M NaOH and Na₂SiO₃ solutions with a ratio of 1:3. Compressive strength testing was carried out at 28 days. The results showed that glass powder substitution reduced compressive strength by up to 50% compared to the control (100% fly ash), while 50% sanitary ceramic substitution produced a compressive strength of 35.77 MPa, close to the control compressive strength of 40.82 MPa. Thus, sanitary ceramics with a substitution rate of 50% are recommended as the most optimal substitute for fly ash.

Keywords: geopolymer, fly ash, glass powder, sanitary ceramics, compressive strength