Studi Literatur Sistematis: Analisis Peran Abu Terbang dalam Pengembangan Teknologi Beton Ringan

Sari

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini menyintesis hasil berbagai studi yang berfokus pada pengembangan beton ringan struktural (LWAC) berbasis limbah untuk mewujudkan material konstruksi berkelanjutan. Inovasi LWAC terutama mengoptimalkan penggunaan agregat alternatif berupa sintered fly ash aggregate (SFAA) dan agregat plastik daur ulang polipropilena (PPCA). Evaluasi dilakukan melalui studi eksperimental, mencakup pengujian sifat beton segar, kekuatan tekan, modulus elastisitas, serta karakteristik jangka panjang seperti susut dan rangkak pada sampel standar hingga elemen struktural skala besar. Dibandingkan dengan Beton Agregat Normal (NWAC), LWAC menunjukkan performa unggul, terutama formulasi SFAA yang mampu mencapai kekuatan tekan struktural sekaligus menurunkan massa jenis 20–30 persen. Selain itu, reologi LWAC meningkat dengan susut 36 persen lebih rendah dan koefisien rangkak 53 persen lebih rendah, menjadikannya ideal untuk aplikasi prategang. PPCA juga memenuhi kriteria kekuatan beton ringan struktural. Secara keseluruhan, LWAC berbasis limbah terbukti layak secara teknis dan ramah lingkungan

Kata kunci: abu terbang, agregat,  beton ringan, daur ulang, kuat tekan

ABSTRACT

This study synthesizes findings from various research focusing on the development of sustainable Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (LWAC) using waste-based materials. The innovation of LWAC primarily relies on alternative aggregates such as sintered fly ash aggregate (SFAA) and recycled polypropylene plastic aggregate (PPCA). The evaluation was carried out through experimental studies, including tests on fresh concrete properties, compressive strength, elastic modulus, and long-term characteristics such as shrinkage and creep, using specimens ranging from standard samples to full-scale prestressed beams. Compared with Normal-Weight Aggregate Concrete (NWAC), LWAC demonstrated superior performance, particularly the SFAA formulation, which achieved adequate structural compressive strength while reducing density by 20–30 percent. Furthermore, LWAC exhibited enhanced rheology with 36 percent lower shrinkage and 53 percent lower creep, making it highly suitable for prestressed applications. PPCA also satisfied the strength requirements of structural lightweight concrete. Overall, waste-based LWAC proved technically feasible and environmentally advantageous.

Keywords: fly ash, aggregate, lightweight concrete, recycling, compressive strength