STRATEGI PENANGANAN SANITASI DI PERMUKIMAN KUMUH DENGAN PENDEKATAN PARTISIPASI STAKEHOLDER (STUDI KASUS KOTA BIMA, NUSA TENGGARA BARAT)

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ABSTRAK

Kebutuhan akan sanitasi merupakan salah satu kebutuhan dasar manusia sebagai bagian dari upaya perlindungan kesehatan dan mendorong peningkatan ekonomi melalui peningkatan kapasitas pemerintah kabupaten/kota untuk mengimplementasikan program sanitasi di Indonesia. Kota Bima sebagai lokasi studu dengan permasalahan sanitasi perlu didukung oleh stakeholder. Penelitian ini dapat melengkapi dokumen yang sudah dibuat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode campuran atau mixed method yang dilakukan secara kualitatif pada metode Stakeholder Analysis (SA) dan metode kuantitatif pada metode Social Network Analysis (SNA). Stakeholder Analysis dilakukan dengan focus group discussion (FGD) sedangkan Social Network Analysis dilakukan berdasarkan kuesioner yang diisi oleh peserta FGD saat acara FGD berlangsung. Hasil rangkaian penelitian di Kota Bima: teridentifikasi 52 stakeholder yang memiliki kepentingan terkait sanitasi di permukiman kumuh; terpetakan ada 8 key actors, 7 important actors, 6 interested actors, dan 9 additional actors ; teridentifikasi 4 influential stakeholders yang juga adalah key actors. Secara umum kekohesifan (density) semua jenis kerja sama pada Kota Bima tidak cukup baik, yaitu 7,7%. Diperlukan peningkatan kerja sama dengan Perusahaan Swasta, Masyarakat, dan Akademisi untuk penanganan sanitasi di permukiman kumuh Kota Bima.

 

Kata kunci: sanitasi, kawasan kumuh, stakeholder analysis, social network analysis, Kota Bima

 

ABSTRACT

The need for sanitation is one of the basic human needs as part of efforts to protect health and encourage economic improvement to increase the capacity of district/city governments to implement sanitation programs in Indonesia. Bima City as a study location with sanitation problems needs to be supported by stakeholders. This research was carried out using mixed methods which were generally carried out qualitatively using the Stakeholder Analysis (SA) method and quantitatively using the Social Network Analysis (SNA) method. Stakeholder Analysis was carried out using a focus group discussion (FGD) while Social Network Analysis was carried out based on a questionnaire filled out by FGD participants during the FGD event. The results of research series in Bima City: identified 52 stakeholders who have an interest in sanitation in slum settlements; there are 8 key actors, 7 important actors, 6 interested actors, and 9 additional actors; there are 4 influential stakeholders who are also key actors. In general, the cohesiveness (density) of all types of cooperation in Bima City is not good enough, namely 7.7%. There is a need to increase cooperation with private companies, communities and academics to handle sanitation in Bima City slums.

 

Keywords : sanitation, slum area, stakeholder analysis, social network analysis, Bima City