TINJAUAN SINGKAT BIO-ELEKTROKINETIK REMEDIASI PADA TANAH TERCEMAR HIDROKARBON MINYAK BUMI

Sandra Madonna

Sari


Bioremediasi telah banyak diaplikasikan untuk pemulihan tanah yang tercemar hidrokarbon minyak bumi, namun dalam aplikasinya yang luas masih dibatasi oleh karakterisik polutan, karakteristik tanah dan karakteristik mikroba pendegradasi dalam beradaptasi pada lingkungan yang berbeda. Tantangan dalam bioremediasi tanah tercemar hidrokarbon minyak bumi selain kompleksitas senyawa polutan dan juga bersifat rekalsitran, sertatoksik sehingga polutan sulit terbiodegradasi dan menyebabkan laju degradasinya berjalan lambat. Lambatnya laju degradasi limbah organik dipengaruhi oleh enzim-enzim degradatif mikroba yang sulit mengkatalis reaksi degradasi limbah dari senyawa xenobiotik atau yang senyawa yang tidak alami, karakteristik senyawa pencemar yang sukar larut dalam air, dan mengandung senyawa toksik bagi mikroorganisma pendegradasi. Bioremediasi tanah tercemar hidrokarbon minyak bumi umumnya akan berlangsung dalam hitungan bulan, waktu degradasi tersebut dapat dipercepat dengan menggabungkannya dengan teknik elektrokinetikremediasi dan meningkatkan bioavailibiltas denganmelakukan biostimulasi pada tanah tercemar tersebut, sehingga remediasi dapat berlangsung dalam hitungan hari bahkan hitungan jam. Makalah ini memberikan ulasan tentang pegabungan teknologi remediasi untuk tanah yang terkontaminasi minyak bumi. Metode yang dibahas meliputi Bioremediasi dan Elektrokinetik remediasi yang dikaitkan denganefektifitas degradasi, waktu degradasi,kelebihan, kekurangan, dan prospek pengembangannya di masa depan. Penekanan pada makalah ini adalah tidak ada teknologi remediasi tunggal yang dianggap sebagai solusi terbaik untuk remediasi tanah yang terkontaminasi minyak bumi yang bersifat komplek

Kata Kunci


Bioremediasi;Bio-elektrokinetik;Elektrokinetik Remediasi;Tanah terkontaminasi Minyak Bumi

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26760/rekalingkungan.v10i3.175-187

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