Dampak Penimbunan Batu Bara Terhadap Kualitas Air Tanah

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ABSTRAK
PLTU Suralaya unit 1-7 merupakan PLTU terbesar di Indonesia dengan bahan bakar utama batubara. Instalasi ini memiliki kapasitas produksi listrik sebesar 3.400 MW. Lokasi PLTU Suralaya unit 1-7 berada di Desa Suralaya, Kecamatan Pulo Merak, Kota Cilegon, Provinsi Banten. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak operasional PLTU Suralaya unit 1-7 terhadap kualitas air tanah di sekitar lokasi kegiatan. Pengambilan sampel kualitas air dilakukan pada Bulan Agustus 2021 di 4 (empat) titik pemantauan. Hasil penelitian dibandingkan dengan baku mutu berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 32 Tahun 2017 tentang Standar Baku Mutu Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Persyaratan Kesehatan Air Untuk Keperluan Higiene Sanitasi, Kolam Renang, Solus Per Aqua, dan Pemandian Umum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa parameter yang tidak memenuhi baku mutu yaitu parameter zat padat terlarut dan zat padat tersuspensi. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan Water Quality Index menunjukkan bahwa air tanah di sekitar lokasi PLTU Suralaya unit 1-7 dikategorikan baik hingga sangat baik. Berdasarkan hasil pemantauan dijelaskan bahwa diperlukan upaya pembuatan sistem kedap air bagi penimbunan abu batubara agar zat padat terlarut dan tersuspensi tidak semakin meningkat sehingga tidak berdampak pada kualitas air di sekitar operasional PLTU Suralaya unit 1-7.

Kata kunci: kualitas air tanah, pembangkit listrik tenaga uap, water quality index, sampling.

ABSTRACT
The Suralaya steam power plant is the largest steam power plant in Indonesia with coal as its main fuel. This installation has an electricity production capacity of 3,440 MW. The location of the Suralaya steam power plant is in Suralaya Village, Pulo Merak District, Cilegon City, Banten Province. This study aims to analyze the operational impact of the Suralaya Steam Power Plant on the quality of groundwater around the activity site. A sampling of water quality was carried out in August 2021 at four monitoring points. The results of the study were compared with quality standards based on Minister of Health Regulation Number 32 of 2017 Environmental Health Quality Standards and Water Health Requirements for Sanitary Hygiene, Swimming Pools, Solus Per Aqua, and Public Baths. The results showed that the parameters did not meet the quality standards at four points, namely Total Dissolved Solid and Total Suspended Solid. Based on the results of the calculation of the Water Quality Index, it shows that the waters around the location of the Suralaya Steam Power Plant units 1-7 are categorized well to very well. Based on the monitoring, it is necessary to make an effort to build an airtight system for the accumulation of coal ash so that dissolved and suspended solids do not increase it do not have an impact on air quality in the operation of PLTU Suralaya units 1-7.

Keywords: groundwater quality, electric steam power plant, water quality index, sampling.