Perancangan, Realisasi, dan Pengujian Antena Helik Mode Axial pada Access Point Wireless-G 2,4 GHz Broadband Linksys

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ABSTRAK

Saat ini kebutuhan komunikasi data terus meningkat, dimana mereka kebanyakan menggunakan perangkat access point yang memiliki jangkauan pancaran terbatas karena pola radiasi omnidirectional, sehingga diperlukan antena yang mempunyai pola radiasi directional untuk jangkauan pancaran user yang diam, dimana gain lebih besar dan jangkauan pancaran lebih jauh. Antena helik merupakan salah satu yang bisa digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Dengan merancang dimensi antena helik seperti perhitungan panjang gelombang (λ_o), diameter (D), keliling (C), jarak antar putaran (S_λ), panjang kawat tembaga (L_total), panjang antena (A), pentanahan (a), dan impedansi (Z_o), maka dapat direalisasikan dan dilakukan pengujian antena helik yang diaplikasikan terhadap antena access point yang bekerja pada frekuensi 2,4 GHz. Dengan demikian, berdasarkan hasil rancangan diperoleh level kuat medan dengan rata-rata peningkatan penguatan antena helik terhadap antena access point sebesar 14,2 dB. Selain itu juga diperoleh gain antena helik 16,7 dBi, beamwidth vertikal 57⁰ dan horizontal 62⁰, dan bandwidth antena 360 MHz, berdasarkan hasil pengukuran menggunakan spectrum analyzer dan pengujian menggunakan suatu software.

Kata kunci : Access point, antena helik, omnidirectional, directional.

ABSTRACT

Data communication development, currently, mostly use the access point device that has a limited transmit range, because it has omnidirectional radiation pattern. Thus, it requires an antenna that has a directional radiation pattern for reach silent users (office area), which has large gain and reaches a far distance. Helik antenna is one of antennas that can be used to overcome this problem. By design of helik antenna dimension, such as wavelength calculations (λ_o), diameter (D), roving (C), distance between rounds (S_λ), length of copper wire (Ltotal), antenna length (A), ground (a), and impedance (Z_o), it could be implemented as well as helik antenna tests those applied to access point antenna which worked at 2.4 GHz frequency. Based on the design of the field strength level, it was obtained an average increasing gain to the access point helik antenna as big as 14.2 dB. It also acquired the helik antenna gain as 16.7 dBi, 57⁰ vertical beamwidth, 62⁰ horizontal beamwidth, and 360 MHz antenna bandwidth, based on the result of measurement using a spectrum analyzer and testing using a software.

Kata kunci : Access point, antenna helik, omnidirectional, directional.