Pengembangan Nested Modeling Resolusi Tinggi dan Efisien untuk Simulasi Hidrodinamika–Gelombang dengan Interaksi Arus–Gelombang di Perairan Utara Jawa

Abstract

This study develops a technical nested modeling procedure for hydrodynamic and wave simulations while maintaining high spatial resolution, swell representation at the open boundary, wave–current interaction, and parallel computing using Message Passing Interface (MPI). The approach is designed to improve computational efficiency by reducing Central Processing Unit (CPU) time compared with single-core simulations. Model performance was evaluated under spring tide conditions from 9–12 October 2025 in the northern waters of Java through four experiments (EXP1–EXP4). The results show that wave–current interaction has a small effect on water surface elevation but a more pronounced effect on current velocity at J1, representing shallow water. Significant wave height (SWH) exhibits similar spatial patterns, with higher values offshore and decreasing toward the coast. EXP4 produces lower SWH than EXP3, particularly in shallow water. EXP4 is the most comprehensive configuration for representing physical processes. The procedure has potential for application to larger domains and longer periods through MPI.