Kualitas Akustik pada Auditorium dengan Konsep Arsitektur Biomimikri Contoh Kasus: Teater IMAX Keong Emas

Nur Laela Latifah

Sari


Abstrak

Melalui penerapan konsep arsitektur biomimikri, gubahan massa bangunan dan ruang di dalam ruang auditorium dapat berbentuk dinamis sehingga dapat mempengaruhi perolehan kualitas akustik termasuk visualnya. Teater IMAX Keong Emas yang berlokasi di kawasan wisata Taman Mini Indonesia Indah (TMII) Jakarta adalah auditorium pemutaran film edukasi berteknologi IMAX yang menerapkan konsep arsitektur biomimikri dengan meniru hewan keong sawah. Dengan keunikannya maka bangunan teater ini perlu untuk dianalisis bagaimana keberhasilan desain terkait fungsinya sebagai ruang bagi audiens untuk mendengar dan menonton pertunjukan. Analisis penelitian dilakukan baik secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif berdasarkan data primer dari lapangan yang telah diolah, mencakup foto lapangan, hasil pengukuran lapangan, dan hasil wawancara internal dengan pihak manajemen Teater IMAX Keong Emas. Variabel penelitian mencakup konsep bentuk serta dimensi dan proporsi bangunan; bentuk serta dimensi dan proporsi ruang teater; pengaturan kursi, sudut pandang, dan kemiringan lantai audiens; desain plafon; juga material akustik interior. Tujuan penelitian adalah diperolehnya pemahaman bagaimana kualitas akustik juga kualitas visual dari auditorium pada bangunan dengan konsep arsitektur biomimikri. Berdasarkan analisis diperoleh nilai kebaruan di antaranya bahwa arsitektur biomimikri dapat diterapkan pada bangunan auditorium, serta plafon tidak harus berfungsi sebagai reflector pada auditorium bila telah menerapkan sistem tata suara yang sangat baik.

Kata kunci: Auditorium, Biomimikri, Kualitas Akustik, Sudut Pandang

 

AbstraCT

Through the application of the biomimicry architectural concept, the composition of the building mass and space in the auditorium can be dynamically shaped so that it can affect the acquisition of acoustic quality, including visuals. The Keong Emas IMAX Theater, located in the Taman Mini Indonesia Indah (TMII) tourist area, Jakarta, is an auditorium for the screening of eduactional films with IMAX technology that applies the biomimicry architectural concept by imitating rice snail. With its uniqueness, this theater building needs to be analyzed how the success of the design is related to its function as a space for the audience to hear and watch performances. Research analysis was carried out both quantitatively and qualitatively based on primary data from the field that had been processed, including field photos, results of field measurements, and results of internal interviews with the management of the Keong Emas IMAX Theater. The research variables include the concept of shape as well as the dimensions and proportions of the building; the shape as well as dimensions and proportions of the theater space; seat layout, viewing angles, and audience floor slope; ceiling design; also interior acoustic materials. The purpose of this research is to gain an understanding of the acoustic quality as well as the visual quality of the auditorium in a building with the biomimicry architectural concept. Based on the analysis obtained novelty values including that biomimicry architecture can be applied to the auditorium building, and the ceiling does not have to function as a reflector in an auditorium if it has implemented a very good sound system.

Keywords: Acoustic Quality, Auditorium, Biomimicry Viewing Angles

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26760/terracotta.v3i3.6848

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