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Analisis Kebutuhan Ruang Terbuka Hijau dalam Mengurangi Pencemaran Udara di Kawasan Metropolitan Surakarta untuk Mewujudkan Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
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ABSTRAK
Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) di Kawasan Metropolitan Surakarta berkurang dari 35% di tahun 1980-an menjadi kurang dari 10% di tahun 2021 yang berarti luasan RTH tersebut tidak memenuhi standar menurut UU no 26 tahun 2007. Hal tersebut berdampak pada kualitas lingkungan perkotaan salah satunya adalah pencemaran udara yang merupakan pilar lingkungan dari Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis luasan RTH ideal dalam membantu mengurangi pencemaran udara di Kawasan Metropolitan Surakarta. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis spasial menggunakan Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) dan Landscape Pattern Metrics untuk melihat pengaruh dan korelasi antara kerapatan RTH dengan pencemaran udara di tahun 2012 - 2022. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kerapatan RTH hasil NDVI berbanding terbalik dengan pencemaran udara dimana semakin menurun luasan RTH maka akan semakin tinggi nilai Indeks Standar Pencemaran Udara (ISPU) di Kawasan Metropolitan Surakarta. Berdasarkan analisis trendline, strategi yang perlu dilakukan adalah meningkatkan luas RTH sebesar 50 Ha setiap tahun agar nilai ISPU di tahun 2030 menjadi 41,4 masuk dalam kategori udara sehat.
Kata kunci: Ruang Terbuka Hijau, Pencemaran Udara, Kawasan Metropolitan Surakarta
ABSTRACT
Green open space in the Surakarta Metropolitan Area has decreased from 35% in the 1980s to less than 10% in 2021, which means that the green open space does not meet the standards according to Law No. 26 of 2007. This has an impact on the quality of the urban environment, one of which is contamination. air which is the environmental pillar of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The aim of this research is to analyze the ideal green open space area to help reduce air pollution in the Surakarta Metropolitan Area. The method used is spatial analysis using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Landscape Pattern Metrics to see the influence and correlation between green open space density and air contamination in 2012 - 2022. The results of the analysis show that the NDVI based green open space density is inversely proportional to air contamination, which is increasing As the area of green open space increases and decreases, the higher the ISPU value in the Surakarta Metropolitan Area. Based on trendline analysis, the strategy that needs to be implemented is to increase the green open space area by 50 Ha every year so that the ISPU value in 2030 becomes 41.4 in the healthy air category.
Keywords: Green open space, Air Pollution, Surakarta Metropolitan Area
Teks Lengkap:
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26760/jrh.v8i2.137-149
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