Akurasi Geometrik dan Visual Gaussian Splatting Pura Agung Wira Loka Natha: Perbandingan Smartphone dan DSLR

Atilla Azmareza Bratanata, Gusti Ayu Jessy Kartini

Abstract


Abstrak

Dokumentasi digital penting untuk mendukung pelestarian dan pengelolaan bangunan berarsitektur kompleks. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi kualitas visual dan akurasi geometri model Gaussian Splatting berdasarkan citra smartphone dan Digital Single-Lens Reflex (DSLR) pada objek Relief, Beji, dan Bale di Pura Agung Wira Loka Natha. Model direkonstruksi menggunakan Postshot, kualitas visual dievaluasi melalui SuperSplat, sedangkan akurasi geometri dianalisis menggunakan CloudCompare terhadap pengukuran lapangan melalui Mean Error (ME), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Standar Deviasi (SD), dan paired sample t-test. Hasil menunjukkan smartphone menghasilkan kualitas visual lebih baik dengan tekstur lebih tajam dan detail lebih lengkap, sedangkan DSLR menghasilkan akurasi geometri lebih tinggi pada sebagian besar objek dengan kesalahan lebih kecil serta terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p < 0,05). Pemilihan perangkat berasosiasi dengan performa rekonstruksi sesuai tujuan penggunaannya.

Kata kunci: rekonstruksi tiga dimensi, Gaussian Splatting, berarsitektur kompleks, akurasi geometri, kualitas visual, kamera DSLR, kamera smartphone

Abstract

Digital documentation is important for supporting the preservation and management of architecturally complex buildings. This study evaluates the visual quality and geometric accuracy of Gaussian Splatting models based on smartphone and Digital Single-Lens Reflex (DSLR) images of Relief, Beji, and Bale at Pura Agung Wira Loka Natha. Models were reconstructed in Postshot, visually evaluated through SuperSplat, and geometrically assessed in CloudCompare against field measurements using Mean Error (ME), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Standard Deviation (SD), and paired sample t-test. Results show that smartphone images produced better visual quality with sharper textures and more complete details, while DSLR images provided higher geometric accuracy for most objects with lower errors and a significant difference (p < 0.05). Device selection is associated with reconstruction performance according to the intended application.

Keywords: 3D reconstruction, Gaussian Splatting, architecturally complex structures, geometric accuracy, visual quality, DSLR camera, smartphone camera.


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