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PID Controller Simulation on Single Axis Solar Tracking System
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Efisiensi yang rendah pada solar cell dipengaruhi oleh beberapa factor yaitu tingkat radiasi, suhu, dan sudut instalasi. Penelitian ini membahas upaya meningkatkan performa solar panel yaitu dengan menggunakan sistem pelacak surya sumbu tunggal. Dalam penelitian sistem pelacak surya sumbu tunggal ini dimodelkan dengan menggunakan PID controller pada software Matlab Simulink. Dalam metode tracking system, solar cell disimulasikan pada sumbu tunggal yang berorientasi pada sudut elevasi, sebagai masukan dan pengoptimasian kontrol posisi yang tepat terhadap arah pergerakan matahari pada pukul 07.00 – 17.00 wib. Hasil simulasi didapatkan penggunan kontrol PID pada perancangan single axis solar tracking system menunjukkan hasil yang baik, dimana kontroler yang dirancang dapat mendeteksi arah pergerakan matahari dengan cukup akurat. Sudut elevasi terendah yaitu 1,7 derajat dan tertinggi 68,21 derajat. Solar tracking system memiliki potensi menyerap lebih banyak radiasi matahari untuk mendapatkan output lebih baik yang dihasilkan dari solar cell.
Kata kunci: solar cell, sumbu tunggal, tracking system, PID controller, Simulink Matlab
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ABSTRACT
The low efficiency of the solar cell is influenced by several aspect, namely radiation levels, temperature, and tilt angle. This research discusses improving solar panels' performance using a single-axis tracking system. This research modelled a singleaxis of solar cell tracking system using a PID controller in Matlab Simulink software. In the tracking system method, the solar cell is simulated on a single axis oriented to elevation angle as input and optimization of precise position control to direct the sun's movement at 07.00 – 17.00 WIB. The simulation results shown that using a PID control in designing a single-axis of solar cell tracking system shows significant results, where the controller design can accurately detect the direction of the sun's movement. Furthermore, the lowest elevation angle is 1.7 degrees, and the highest is 68.21 degrees. Furthermore, solar tracking systems have the potential to absorb more radiation for a greater output of solar cells.
Keywords: solar cells, single axis, tracking system, PID controller, Simulink Matlab
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v11i1.58
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ISSN (print) : 2338-8323 | ISSN (electronic) : 2459-9638
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