A Method for Determining Customers’ Energy Shrinkage Cost

CONNY KURNIAWAN WACHJOE, HERMAGASANTOS ZEIN, SITI SAODAH

Sari


ABSTRAK

Penyusutan energi adalah salah satu komponen biaya-biaya listrik yang harus dibayar oleh pelanggan-pelanggan pada tegangan sistem dari jaringan yang berbeda, jaringan tegangan tinggi, sedang dan rendah. Meskipun biaya bahan bakar campuran adalah sama untuk semua pelanggan, alokasi kerugian berbeda untuk setiap jaringan tersebut. Makalah ini mengusulkan suatu metode untuk menentukan alokasi biaya penyusutan energi untuk pelanggan-pelanggan dalam suatu model rangkaian ekivalen, dengan beban dikumpulkan pada setiap jaringan. Formulasi-formulasinya diturunkan untuk  mendapatkan alokasi kerugian yang adil di antara pelanggan-pelanggan berdasarkan hukum-hukum listrik. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa alokasi biaya penyusutan energi adalah 31%, 33% dan 36% untuk pelanggan tegangan tinggi, sedang dan rendah. Selain itu, efisiensi jaringan akan mempengaruhi total biaya penyusutan energi. Jika perhitungan kerugian daya menggunaka metode Aliran Daya Optimal, maka metoda ini dapat mengurangi kerugian sebesar ±3% atau setara dengan pengurangan biaya penyusutan energi sebesar 16%.

Kata kunci: komponen biaya-biaya listrik, tegangan sistem, model rangkaian ekivalen, hukum-hukum listrik, alokasi biaya kerugian energi.

 

ABSTRACT

Energy shrinkage is one component of electrical costs that must be paid by customers on the system voltage in different networks, high, medium, and low voltage networks. Although the fuel-mix costs are flat for all customers, loss allocation is different for each network. This paper proposes a method for determining the cost allocation of energy shrinkage to customers in an equivalent circuit model, with the loads collected for each network. Formulations are derived to get a fair allocation of losses among customers based on electric laws. The simulation results show that the cost allocation of energy shrinkage is 31%, 33%, and 36% for high, medium, and low voltage customers. Besides, network efficiency will affect the total cost of energy shrinkage. If power losses calculation uses the Optimal Power Flow method, it can reduce power losses by ±3% or equivalent to a reduction in the cost of energy shrinkage of 16%.

Keywords: component of electrical costs, system voltage, eqivqlent sircuit model, electric laws, cost allocation of energy shrinkage


Kata Kunci


komponen biaya-biaya listrik; tegangan sistem; model rangkaian ekivalen; hukum-hukum listrik; alokasi biaya kerugian energi.

Teks Lengkap:

PDF (English)

Referensi


Anyaka, B. O., & Olawoore, O.I. (2014). Minimization of Power Losses in Transmission Lines. IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE), 9(3), 23-29.

Bergantiños, G., González-Díaz, J., González-Rueda, Ã. M., & Córdoba, M. P. F. d. (2017). Loss allocation in energy transmission networks. Games Econ Behav, 102-110.

Conejo, A. J., Arroyo, J. M., Alguacil, N., & Guijarro, A. L. (2002). Transmission Loss Allocation: A Comparison of Different Practical Algorithms. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 17, 571–576.

Conny, K. W., & Hermagasantos, Z. (2020). Fairness in Allocation of Transmission Losses to Bilateral Contracts with Superposition and Decomposition Techniques. International Journal on Energy Conversion, 8(1), 1-7. DOI: 10.15866/irecon.v8i1.18290

Daniel, M. B., & Ebenhack, T. W. (2019). Energy Efficiency: Concepts and Calculations. 1st ed. Paperback ISBN: 9780128123164, Elsevier Science.

DOE. (2018). Annual Energy Outlook (AEO) Retrospective Review: Evaluation of AEO2018 and Previous Reference Case Projections 2007-2018.

IEC Document. (2007). Efficient Electrical Energy Transmission and Distribution Enshaee, A., Yousefi, G. R., & Ebrahimi, A. (2018). Allocation of transmission active losses through a novel power tracing-based technique. IET Generation Transmission Distribution. 1021-1028

Hermagasantos, Z., Annisa, S. K., & Conny KW. (2020). Fuel Cost Optimization of The Power System by Involving All Operating Limits Based on The Developed Interior Point Algorithm. International Transactions on Electrical Energy System (ITEES), 30(5), 1-14

DOI: 10.1002/2050-7038.12337

Hermagasantos, Z., Jangkung, R. & Ahmad, D. M. (2018). Optimal Complex Power Production Cost in The Electric Power Market. In: International Conference on Sustainable Energy Engineering and Application (ICSEEA). 111-115. DOI:10.1109/icseea.2018.8627127

James, W. N., & Susan, R. L. (2014). Electric Circuits. 10th ed. Australia: Pearson.

Khosravi, M., Monsef, H., & Aliabadi, M. H. (2018). Approach for allocation of transmission loss based on contribution of generators and loads in injected complex power into network lines. IET Generation Transmission Distribution, 1245-1252

Lumona, T. L., Nwosu, M. O., Ezechukwu, A. O., Chijioke J. (2014). Overview of Losses and Solutions in Power Transmission Lines: Network and Complex Systems. ISSN 222 5-0603, 4(8), 24-31.

Paul, B. (2010). The Cost of Power Generation. Business Insights Ltd. Management Report.

Shahzad, S. B., Umair,E. M., Lodhi, U., Shan, U. H., Syed, N. M. G., & Muhammad, A. J. (2015). Electric Power Transmission and Distribution Losses Overview and Minimization in Pakistan. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, April, 6 (4), 1108-1112.

Soham, G. (2012). Loss Reduction and Efficiency Improvement: A Critical Appraisal of Power Distribution Sector in India. International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER), 2(5), 3292-3297.

Sharma, S., & Abhyankar, A. R. (2017) Loss allocation of radial distribution system using Shapley value: A sequential approach. International Journal Electric Power Energy System, 88-95.

Wakefield, R. A., et.al. (1997). A Transmission Services Costing Framework. IEEE Transaction on Power System, 12(4), 622 – 628. DOI: 10.1109/59.589624

William, H. H., Jack, E. K., & Steven M. D. (2012). Engineering Circuit Analysis. 8th ed. New York 10020, USA: The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc.

Yiasemi, Y., Ciornei, I., Asprou, M., & Kyriakides, E. (2017). Near-real-time loss allocation methodology based on the power system states. IET Generation Transmission Distribution; 11(5), 1243-1250. DOI: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2016.1166




DOI: https://doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v8i3.672

Refbacks

  • Saat ini tidak ada refbacks.


_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

ISSN (print) : 2338-8323 | ISSN (electronic) : 2459-9638

Publisher:

Department of Electrical Engineering Institut Teknologi Nasional Bandung

Address: 20th Building  Institut Teknologi Nasional Bandung PHH. Mustofa Street No. 23 Bandung 40124

Contact: +627272215 (ext. 206)

Email: jte.itenas@itenas.ac.id________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Free counters!

Web Analytics Made Easy - StatCounter

Statistic Journal

Jurnal ini terlisensi oleh Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License