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Pengembangan Governor Elektrik Berbasis Arduino sebagai Sistem Kontrol Turbin Air Screw
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Suatu sistem PLTMH bertipe turbin screw telah direalisasikan di desa Ciherang, Banjaran Jawa Barat. Tetapi putaran turbin dan generator tidak dapat stabil, karena pembebanan pada generator selalu berubah-ubah. Oleh karena itu diperlukan sebuah sistem kontrol yang dapat menjaga putaran turbin pada kisaran 30 rpm dan putaran generator pada kisaran 1500 rpm. Pada paper ini dikaji pengembangan sistem kontrol turbin air tipe screw, menggunakan governor elektrik. Perangkat governor elektrik ini berbasis Arduino, yaitu Arduino Mega 2560 dan Arduino Uno yang dilengkapi sensor putaran, dan motor listrik sebagai aktuator yang menggerakkan sebuah pintu air untuk mengatur bukaan bucket. Arduino Mega 2560 berfungsi sebagai microcontroller sedangkan Arduino Uno berfungsi sebagai pengatur pembukaan pintu. Hasil pengujian system menunjukkan bahwa system dengan Arduino ini dapat mengatur putaran turbin dan generator sehingga mencapai 1500 rpm dengan toleransi 5%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa governor elektrik berbasis Arduino dapat diterapkan pada pengaturan putaran turbin screw.
Kata kunci: turbin screw, sistem kontrol,governor elektrik, arduino
Â
ABSTRACT
A microhydro based on screw turbine type has been realized in Ciherang village, Banjaran, West Java. But operation of the turbine and generator are unstable, due to load fluctuation. The system need a control system that can keep the turbine rotation in the range of 30 rpm and the rotation of the generator in the range of 1500 rpm. In this paper study of the development of screw turbinecontrol system based on electric governor is presented. This electric governor is based on Arduino namely Arduino Mega 2560 dan Arduino Uno and equipped with a generator speed sensor send and electric motor as an actuator to adjust the opening of the bucket. The system test results show that the controller based on Arduino can adjust the turbine and generator rotation so that it reaches 1500 rpm with a tolerance of 5%. Thus it can be concluded that Arduino-based electrical governors can be applied to control screw turbine speed.
Keywords: screw turbine, control system, digital governor, arduino
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v8i3.533
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ISSN (print) : 2338-8323 | ISSN (electronic) : 2459-9638
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Department of Electrical Engineering Institut Teknologi Nasional Bandung, Indonesia
Address: 20th Building Institut Teknologi Nasional Bandung PHH. Mustofa Street No. 23 Bandung 40124, Indonesia
Contact: +627272215 (ext. 206)
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