Analisis Harmonik dan Perbaikan Nilai THD Arus dengan Perancangan Filter Pasif Single-Tuned

ANDIKA MUHAMMAD AKBAR, CANDRA FEBRI NUGRAHA

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ABSTRAK

Sistem elektrifikasi kereta rel listrik (KRL) Jogja-Solo mempunyai tegangan nominal 1.500 Volt DC yang disuplai dari PLN 20 kV AC melalui gardu traksi untuk mengonversinya dengan komponen silicon rectifier yang bersifat sebagai beban non-linier. Beban tersebut menyebabkan harmonik, karena memiliki karakteristik menyuntikkan arus balik menuju sumber sehingga dapat menimbulkan distorsi pada gelombang arus. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis harmonik dan memperbaiki nilai THD arus dengan merancang filter pasif untuk mereduksi gangguan tersebut pada panel outgoing RTR cubicle switchgear 20 kV di Gardu Traksi Purwosari. Pengukuran dengan power analyzer DW-6095 menunjukkan indeks harmonik yang melampaui standar IEEE Std 519TM-2014, sebesar 27,4%. Filter harmonik dirancang melalui pemodelan dan simulasi menggunakan software ETAP. Hasil yang paling optimal yaitu pemasangan tiga filter harmonik (orde 11, 13, dan 23) di dekat rectifier. Saat sistem disimulasikan dengan beban, nilai THD-I menurun secara signifikan hingga 0,97%.

Kata kunci: beban non-linear, ETAP, filter pasif, gardu traksi, harmonik

 

ABSTRACT

The electrification system of the Jogja-Solo electric rail train (KRL) has a nominal voltage of 1,500 Volt DC supplied from PLN 20 kV AC through a traction substation to convert it with silicon rectifier component which is a non-linear load. The load causes harmonics, because they have the characteristic of injecting reverse current towards the source so that they can cause distortion in current waves. This study aims to analyze harmonics and improve the THD value of current by designing a passive filter to reduce the distortion on the outgoing RTR cubicle switchgear panel of 20 kV at the Purwosari Traction Substation. Measurements with the DW-6095 power analyzer showed a harmonic index that exceeded the IEEE Std 519TM-2014 standard, by 27.4%. The harmonic filters were designed through modeling and simulation using ETAP software. The most optimal result is installation of three harmonic filters (order 11, 13, and 23) near the rectifier. When the system is simulated with a load, THD-I value decreases significantly to 0.97%.

Keywords: non-linear loads, ETAP, passive filter, traction substation, harmonic


Kata Kunci


beban non-linear; ETAP; filter pasif; gardu traksi; harmonik

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v12i4.892

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