Analisis Kinerja Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap: Tinjauan Pustaka Sistematis

Satriyo Murti Pamungkas; Dani Rusirawan

doi:10.26760/JREM.v5i2.103

Analisis Kinerja Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap: Tinjauan Pustaka Sistematis

Satriyo Murti Pamungkas, Dani Rusirawan

Sari

Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) sangat penting dalam memenuhi kebutuhan energi global, terutama di wilayah yang bergantung pada pembangkit listrik berbahan bakar batubara. Namun, tantangan seperti efisiensi termal yang rendah, kerusakan eksergi yang tinggi, dan emisi karbon yang signifikan memerlukan pendekatan inovatif untuk meningkatkan kinerja dan keberlanjutan. Tinjauan pustaka ini mengkaji kemajuan terkini dalam evaluasi kinerja pembangkit listrik tenaga uap, dengan fokus pada tiga bidang utama: inovasi teknologi, analisis termodinamika, dan pendekatan eksergoekonomi. Kemajuan teknologi, seperti sistem kontrol superheater yang disempurnakan dan integrasi energi terbarukan, menunjukkan peningkatan yang nyata dalam efisiensi energi dan pengurangan emisi. Analisis termodinamika dan eksergi mengidentifikasi inefisiensi kritis dalam komponen seperti boiler dan menyarankan strategi pengoptimalan, termasuk peningkatan pemanas air umpan, untuk meningkatkan efisiensi termal. Sementara itu, pendekatan eksergoekonomi menawarkan perspektif yang berharga dengan menggabungkan evaluasi teknis dan ekonomi untuk memprioritaskan investasi dengan perolehan efisiensi tertinggi dan pengurangan biaya operasional. Tinjauan ini menyoroti pentingnya pendekatan multidisiplin dalam mengatasi tantangan operasional, memajukan inovasi teknologi, dan memastikan pembangkitan energi yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian di masa mendatang disarankan untuk lebih jauh mengeksplorasi sistem kendali adaptif, integrasi energi terbarukan dalam skala besar, dan strategi pengoptimalan hemat biaya.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26760/JREM.v5i2.103